# Source: https://docs.oxla.com/security/ownership.md

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# Ownership

## Overview

In Oxla, ownership defines the relationship where objects such as databases, tables and
schemas belong to a specific role. Keep the following principles in mind regarding ownership:

* Indexes do not have explicit owners; the owner of the table also owns its indexes
* Ownership is required to `DROP` an object
* For grants validation, the owner implicitly has all privileges on the resource:
  * For table: `SELECT`, `INSERT`, `UPDATE`, `DELETE`
  * For schema: `USAGE`, `CREATE`

This section explains how to check and change ownership and clarifies the differences between ownership and role privileges.

## Checking Ownership

To check ownerships in Oxla, a superuser can execute the following query:

```sql  theme={null}
SELECT * FROM oxla_internal.oxla_object_owner;
```

Example output:

```text  theme={null}
 id | database | schema |   object_name   | object_type
----+----------+--------+-----------------+-------------
  5 | oxla     | public | data_types_demo | TABLE
```

Here's the breakdown of the above output:

* `id`: role ID
* `database`: database name
* `schema`: schema name (empty if `object_type` is DATABASE)
* `object_name`: object name (empty if `object_type` is SCHEMA or DATABASE)
* `object_type`: type of the object

## Changing Ownership

To change ownership, use the following syntax:

```sql  theme={null}
ALTER [ TABLE | SCHEMA | DATABASE ] OBJECT_NAME OWNER TO ROLE_NAME;
```

where:

* `OBJECT_NAME`: name of the object, whose ownership they want to change
* `ROLE_NAME`: name of the role that will become the new owner of the specified object, or keyword CURRENT\_ROLE/CURRENT\_USER

## Ownership vs Role Privileges

Unlike PostgreSQL, Oxla treats ownership and grants as independent. While owners implicitly have all privileges on their resources,
these privileges:

* Are not visible in `oxla_internal.oxla_role_ns_grants` or `oxla_internal.oxla_role_table_grants`
* Cannot be revoked

`GRANT` or `REVOKE` operations can still be performed on object owner - they will result in creating or removing entries
in `oxla_internal.oxla_role_..._grants` tables, which are independent of data stored in `oxla_internal.oxla_object_owner`.
These grants do not matter anything as long as the user is the owner of a given resource,
but they will take effect when the owner is changed.

## Examples

Here are a few examples that demonstrate the behaviours described above, assuming there is a `table1` and `user1` role with `USAGE` grant in public schema:

* After the following operations `user1` will no longer be the owner of `table1`, but will have `SELECT` grant on that table.

  ```sql  theme={null}
  ALTER TABLE table1 OWNER TO user1;
  GRANT SELECT ON table1 TO user1;
  ALTER TABLE table1 OWNER TO oxla;
  ```

* After the following operations `user1` will still be able to `SELECT` from `table1` because of ownership, however `REVOKE` does not change anything.

  ```sql  theme={null}
  ALTER TABLE table1 OWNER TO user1;
  REVOKE SELECT ON table1 FROM user1;
  ```

* After the following operations `user1` will not have access to `table1`, however the owner has been changed and grant has been revoked.

  ```sql  theme={null}
  ALTER TABLE table1 OWNER TO user1;
  GRANT SELECT ON table1 TO user1;
  REVOKE SELECT ON table1 FROM user1;
  ALTER TABLE table1 OWNER TO oxla;
  ```