# Source: https://gofastmcp.com/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-providers-filesystem_discovery.md

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# filesystem_discovery

# `fastmcp.server.providers.filesystem_discovery`

File discovery and module import utilities for filesystem-based routing.

This module provides functions to:

1. Discover Python files in a directory tree
2. Import modules (as packages if **init**.py exists, else directly)
3. Extract decorated components (Tool, Resource, Prompt objects) from imported modules

## Functions

### `discover_files` <sup><a href="https://github.com/jlowin/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/providers/filesystem_discovery.py#L32" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>

```python  theme={"theme":{"light":"snazzy-light","dark":"dark-plus"}}
discover_files(root: Path) -> list[Path]
```

Recursively discover all Python files under a directory.

Excludes **init**.py files (they're for package structure, not components).

**Args:**

* `root`: Root directory to scan.

**Returns:**

* List of .py file paths, sorted for deterministic order.

### `import_module_from_file` <sup><a href="https://github.com/jlowin/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/providers/filesystem_discovery.py#L109" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>

```python  theme={"theme":{"light":"snazzy-light","dark":"dark-plus"}}
import_module_from_file(file_path: Path) -> ModuleType
```

Import a Python file as a module.

If the file is part of a package (directory has **init**.py), imports
it as a proper package member (relative imports work). Otherwise,
imports directly using spec\_from\_file\_location.

**Args:**

* `file_path`: Path to the Python file.

**Returns:**

* The imported module.

**Raises:**

* `ImportError`: If the module cannot be imported.

### `extract_components` <sup><a href="https://github.com/jlowin/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/providers/filesystem_discovery.py#L175" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>

```python  theme={"theme":{"light":"snazzy-light","dark":"dark-plus"}}
extract_components(module: ModuleType) -> list[FastMCPComponent]
```

Extract all MCP components from a module.

Scans all module attributes for instances of Tool, Resource,
ResourceTemplate, or Prompt objects created by standalone decorators,
or functions decorated with @tool/@resource/@prompt that have **fastmcp** metadata.

**Args:**

* `module`: The imported module to scan.

**Returns:**

* List of component objects (Tool, Resource, ResourceTemplate, Prompt).

### `discover_and_import` <sup><a href="https://github.com/jlowin/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/providers/filesystem_discovery.py#L295" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>

```python  theme={"theme":{"light":"snazzy-light","dark":"dark-plus"}}
discover_and_import(root: Path) -> DiscoveryResult
```

Discover files, import modules, and extract components.

This is the main entry point for filesystem-based discovery.

**Args:**

* `root`: Root directory to scan.

**Returns:**

* DiscoveryResult with components and any failed files.

## Classes

### `DiscoveryResult` <sup><a href="https://github.com/jlowin/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/providers/filesystem_discovery.py#L24" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>

Result of filesystem discovery.