# Source: https://docs.datadoghq.com/security/code_security/iac_security/iac_rules/cloudformation/aws/refresh_token_is_exposed.md

---
title: Refresh token is exposed
description: Datadog, the leading service for cloud-scale monitoring.
breadcrumbs: >-
  Docs > Datadog Security > Code Security > Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
  Security > IaC Security Rules > Refresh token is exposed
---

# Refresh token is exposed

{% callout %}
# Important note for users on the following Datadog sites: app.ddog-gov.com

{% alert level="danger" %}
This product is not supported for your selected [Datadog site](https://docs.datadoghq.com/getting_started/site). ().
{% /alert %}

{% /callout %}

## Metadata{% #metadata %}

**Id:** `5b48c507-0d1f-41b0-a630-76817c6b4189`

**Cloud Provider:** AWS

**Platform:** CloudFormation

**Severity:** High

**Category:** Secret Management

#### Learn More{% #learn-more %}

- [Provider Reference](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/aws-resource-ask-skill.html#cfn-ask-skill-authenticationconfiguration)

### Description{% #description %}

Storing an Alexa skill's refresh token as a plaintext value in an AWS CloudFormation template exposes a sensitive credential to source control, CI/CD logs, and anyone with template access. This can enable unauthorized skill access or account compromise. For `Alexa::ASK::Skill` resources, `AuthenticationConfiguration.RefreshToken` must be a string that uses a CloudFormation dynamic reference to a secure store. It should start with `{{resolve:secretsmanager:` or `{{resolve:ssm-secure:`. Resources missing this property, with a non-string value, or with a literal token will be flagged as insecure.

Secure examples using dynamic references:

```yaml
MyAlexaSkillWithSecretsManager:
  Type: Alexa::ASK::Skill
  Properties:
    AuthenticationConfiguration:
      RefreshToken: "{{resolve:secretsmanager:my/alexa/refresh:SecretString:refresh_token}}"
```

```yaml
MyAlexaSkillWithSsm:
  Type: Alexa::ASK::Skill
  Properties:
    AuthenticationConfiguration:
      RefreshToken: "{{resolve:ssm-secure:/alexa/refresh-token:1}}"
```

## Compliant Code Examples{% #compliant-code-examples %}

```yaml
Resources:
  MySkill:
    Type: "Alexa::ASK::Skill"
    Properties:
      SkillPackage:
        S3Bucket: "my-skill-packages"
        S3Key: "skillpackage.zip"
        S3BucketRole: !GetAtt S3BucketReadRole.Arn
        Overrides:
          Manifest:
            apis:
              custom:
                endpoint:
                  uri: !GetAtt SkillFunction.Arn
      AuthenticationConfiguration:
        ClientId: "amzn1.application-oa2-client.1234"
        ClientSecret: "1234"
        RefreshToken: "{{resolve:secretsmanager:Atzr|IQEBLzAtAhRPpMJxdwVz2Nn6f2y-tpJX2DeX}}"
      VendorId: "1234"
  MySkill2:
    Type: "Alexa::ASK::Skill"
    Properties:
      SkillPackage:
        S3Bucket: "my-skill-packages"
        S3Key: "skillpackage.zip"
        S3BucketRole: !GetAtt S3BucketReadRole.Arn
        Overrides:
          Manifest:
            apis:
              custom:
                endpoint:
                  uri: !GetAtt SkillFunction.Arn
      AuthenticationConfiguration:
        ClientId: "amzn1.application-oa2-client.1234"
        ClientSecret: "1234"
        RefreshToken: "{{resolve:ssm-secure:Atzr|IQEBLzAtAhRPpMJxdwVz2Nn6f2y-tpJX2DeX}}"
      VendorId: "1234"
```

```json
{
  "Resources": {
    "MySkill": {
      "Type": "Alexa::ASK::Skill",
      "Properties": {
        "SkillPackage": {
          "S3Bucket": "my-skill-packages",
          "S3Key": "skillpackage.zip",
          "S3BucketRole": "S3BucketReadRole.Arn",
          "Overrides": {
            "Manifest": {
              "apis": {
                "custom": {
                  "endpoint": {
                    "uri": "SkillFunction.Arn"
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "AuthenticationConfiguration": {
          "ClientId": "amzn1.application-oa2-client.1234",
          "ClientSecret": "1234",
          "RefreshToken": "{{resolve:secretsmanager:Atzr|IQEBLzAtAhRPpMJxdwVz2Nn6f2y-tpJX2DeX}}"
        },
        "VendorId": "1234"
      }
    },
    "MySkill2": {
      "Type": "Alexa::ASK::Skill",
      "Properties": {
        "SkillPackage": {
          "S3Bucket": "my-skill-packages",
          "S3Key": "skillpackage.zip",
          "S3BucketRole": "S3BucketReadRole.Arn",
          "Overrides": {
            "Manifest": {
              "apis": {
                "custom": {
                  "endpoint": {
                    "uri": "SkillFunction.Arn"
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "AuthenticationConfiguration": {
          "ClientId": "amzn1.application-oa2-client.1234",
          "ClientSecret": "1234",
          "RefreshToken": "{{resolve:ssm-secure:Atzr|IQEBLzAtAhRPpMJxdwVz2Nn6f2y-tpJX2DeX}}"
        },
        "VendorId": "1234"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

## Non-Compliant Code Examples{% #non-compliant-code-examples %}

```json
{
  "Resources": {
    "MySkill": {
      "Type": "Alexa::ASK::Skill",
      "Properties": {
        "VendorId": "1234",
        "SkillPackage": {
          "S3Bucket": "my-skill-packages",
          "S3Key": "skillpackage.zip",
          "S3BucketRole": "S3BucketReadRole.Arn",
          "Overrides": {
            "Manifest": {
              "apis": {
                "custom": {
                  "endpoint": {
                    "uri": "SkillFunction.Arn"
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "AuthenticationConfiguration": {
          "ClientId": "amzn1.application-oa2-client.1234",
          "ClientSecret": "1234",
          "RefreshToken": "Atzr|1234"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
```

```yaml
Resources:
  MySkill:
    Type: "Alexa::ASK::Skill"
    Properties:
      SkillPackage:
        S3Bucket: "my-skill-packages"
        S3Key: "skillpackage.zip"
        S3BucketRole: !GetAtt S3BucketReadRole.Arn
        Overrides:
          Manifest:
            apis:
              custom:
                endpoint:
                  uri: !GetAtt SkillFunction.Arn
      AuthenticationConfiguration:
        ClientId: "amzn1.application-oa2-client.1234"
        ClientSecret: "1234"
        RefreshToken: "Atzr|1234"
      VendorId: "1234"
```