---
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title: useSpread
description: Learn more about useSpread
---
import { Tabs, TabItem } from '@astrojs/starlight/components';

<Tabs>
<TabItem label="JavaScript (and super languages)" icon="seti:javascript">
:::caution
This rule is part of the [nursery](/linter/#nursery) group. This means that it is experimental and the behavior can change at any time.
:::
## Summary
- Rule available since: `v2.3.6`
- Diagnostic Category: [`lint/nursery/useSpread`](/reference/diagnostics#diagnostic-category)
- This rule has an [**unsafe**](/linter/#unsafe-fixes) fix.
- The default severity of this rule is [**information**](/reference/diagnostics#information).
- Sources: 
  - Same as [`prefer-spread`](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/rules/prefer-spread)

## How to configure
```json title="biome.json"
{
	"linter": {
		"rules": {
			"nursery": {
				"useSpread": "error"
			}
		}
	}
}

```
## Description
Enforce the use of the spread operator over `.apply()`.

The `apply()` method is used to call a function with a given `this` value and arguments provided as an array.
The spread operator `...` can be used to achieve the same result, which is more concise and easier to read.

## Examples

### Invalid

```js
foo.apply(null, args);
```

<pre class="language-text"><code class="language-text">code-block.js:1:1 <a href="https://biomejs.dev/linter/rules/no-spread">lint/nursery/useSpread</a> <span style="color: #000; background-color: #ddd;"> FIXABLE </span> ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━<br /><br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;"><strong>apply()</strong></span><span style="color: lightgreen;"> is used to call a function with arguments provided as an array.</span><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: Tomato;">&gt;</span></strong> <strong>1 │ </strong>foo.apply(null, args);<br />   <strong>   │ </strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><br />    <strong>2 │ </strong><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;">This rule belongs to the nursery group, which means it is not yet stable and may change in the future. Visit </span><span style="color: lightgreen;"><a href="https://biomejs.dev/linter/#nursery">https://biomejs.dev/linter/#nursery</a></span><span style="color: lightgreen;"> for more information.</span><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;">Unsafe fix</span><span style="color: lightgreen;">: </span><span style="color: lightgreen;">Use the spread operator.</span><br />  <br />    <strong>1</strong>  <strong> │ </strong><span style="color: Tomato;">-</span> <span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>f</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>a</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>p</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>p</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>l</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>y</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;">(</span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>n</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>u</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>l</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>l</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>,</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><span style="opacity: 0.8;"><strong>·</strong></span></span><span style="color: Tomato;">a</span><span style="color: Tomato;">r</span><span style="color: Tomato;">g</span><span style="color: Tomato;">s</span><span style="color: Tomato;">)</span><span style="color: Tomato;">;</span><br />      <strong>1</strong><strong> │ </strong><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">+</span> <span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>f</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">(</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">a</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">r</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">g</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">s</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">)</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">;</span><br />    <strong>2</strong> <strong>2</strong><strong> │ </strong>  <br />  <br /></code></pre>

```js
foo.apply(null, [1, 2, 3]);
```

<pre class="language-text"><code class="language-text">code-block.js:1:1 <a href="https://biomejs.dev/linter/rules/no-spread">lint/nursery/useSpread</a> <span style="color: #000; background-color: #ddd;"> FIXABLE </span> ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━<br /><br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;"><strong>apply()</strong></span><span style="color: lightgreen;"> is used to call a function with arguments provided as an array.</span><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: Tomato;">&gt;</span></strong> <strong>1 │ </strong>foo.apply(null, [1, 2, 3]);<br />   <strong>   │ </strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><br />    <strong>2 │ </strong><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;">This rule belongs to the nursery group, which means it is not yet stable and may change in the future. Visit </span><span style="color: lightgreen;"><a href="https://biomejs.dev/linter/#nursery">https://biomejs.dev/linter/#nursery</a></span><span style="color: lightgreen;"> for more information.</span><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;">Unsafe fix</span><span style="color: lightgreen;">: </span><span style="color: lightgreen;">Use the spread operator.</span><br />  <br />    <strong>1</strong>  <strong> │ </strong><span style="color: Tomato;">-</span> <span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>f</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>a</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>p</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>p</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>l</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>y</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;">(</span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>n</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>u</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>l</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>l</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>,</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><span style="opacity: 0.8;"><strong>·</strong></span></span><span style="color: Tomato;">[</span><span style="color: Tomato;">1</span><span style="color: Tomato;">,</span><span style="color: Tomato;"><span style="opacity: 0.8;">·</span></span><span style="color: Tomato;">2</span><span style="color: Tomato;">,</span><span style="color: Tomato;"><span style="opacity: 0.8;">·</span></span><span style="color: Tomato;">3</span><span style="color: Tomato;">]</span><span style="color: Tomato;">)</span><span style="color: Tomato;">;</span><br />      <strong>1</strong><strong> │ </strong><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">+</span> <span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>f</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">(</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">[</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">1</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">,</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><span style="opacity: 0.8;">·</span></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">2</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">,</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><span style="opacity: 0.8;">·</span></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">3</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">]</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">)</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">;</span><br />    <strong>2</strong> <strong>2</strong><strong> │ </strong>  <br />  <br /></code></pre>

```js
foo.apply(undefined, args);
```

<pre class="language-text"><code class="language-text">code-block.js:1:1 <a href="https://biomejs.dev/linter/rules/no-spread">lint/nursery/useSpread</a> <span style="color: #000; background-color: #ddd;"> FIXABLE </span> ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━<br /><br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;"><strong>apply()</strong></span><span style="color: lightgreen;"> is used to call a function with arguments provided as an array.</span><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: Tomato;">&gt;</span></strong> <strong>1 │ </strong>foo.apply(undefined, args);<br />   <strong>   │ </strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><br />    <strong>2 │ </strong><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;">This rule belongs to the nursery group, which means it is not yet stable and may change in the future. Visit </span><span style="color: lightgreen;"><a href="https://biomejs.dev/linter/#nursery">https://biomejs.dev/linter/#nursery</a></span><span style="color: lightgreen;"> for more information.</span><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;">Unsafe fix</span><span style="color: lightgreen;">: </span><span style="color: lightgreen;">Use the spread operator.</span><br />  <br />    <strong>1</strong>  <strong> │ </strong><span style="color: Tomato;">-</span> <span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>f</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>a</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>p</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>p</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>l</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>y</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;">(</span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>u</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>n</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>d</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>e</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>f</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>i</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>n</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>e</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>d</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>,</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><span style="opacity: 0.8;"><strong>·</strong></span></span><span style="color: Tomato;">a</span><span style="color: Tomato;">r</span><span style="color: Tomato;">g</span><span style="color: Tomato;">s</span><span style="color: Tomato;">)</span><span style="color: Tomato;">;</span><br />      <strong>1</strong><strong> │ </strong><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">+</span> <span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>f</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">(</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">a</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">r</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">g</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">s</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">)</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">;</span><br />    <strong>2</strong> <strong>2</strong><strong> │ </strong>  <br />  <br /></code></pre>

```js
obj.foo.apply(obj, args);
```

<pre class="language-text"><code class="language-text">code-block.js:1:1 <a href="https://biomejs.dev/linter/rules/no-spread">lint/nursery/useSpread</a> <span style="color: #000; background-color: #ddd;"> FIXABLE </span> ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━<br /><br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;"><strong>apply()</strong></span><span style="color: lightgreen;"> is used to call a function with arguments provided as an array.</span><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: Tomato;">&gt;</span></strong> <strong>1 │ </strong>obj.foo.apply(obj, args);<br />   <strong>   │ </strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><strong><span style="color: Tomato;">^</span></strong><br />    <strong>2 │ </strong><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;">This rule belongs to the nursery group, which means it is not yet stable and may change in the future. Visit </span><span style="color: lightgreen;"><a href="https://biomejs.dev/linter/#nursery">https://biomejs.dev/linter/#nursery</a></span><span style="color: lightgreen;"> for more information.</span><br />  <br />  <strong><span style="color: lightgreen;">ℹ</span></strong> <span style="color: lightgreen;">Unsafe fix</span><span style="color: lightgreen;">: </span><span style="color: lightgreen;">Use the spread operator.</span><br />  <br />    <strong>1</strong>  <strong> │ </strong><span style="color: Tomato;">-</span> <span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>b</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>j</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>f</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>a</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>p</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>p</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>l</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>y</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;">(</span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>b</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>j</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><strong>,</strong></span><span style="color: Tomato;"><span style="opacity: 0.8;"><strong>·</strong></span></span><span style="color: Tomato;">a</span><span style="color: Tomato;">r</span><span style="color: Tomato;">g</span><span style="color: Tomato;">s</span><span style="color: Tomato;">)</span><span style="color: Tomato;">;</span><br />      <strong>1</strong><strong> │ </strong><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">+</span> <span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>b</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>j</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>f</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>o</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">(</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;"><strong>.</strong></span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">a</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">r</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">g</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">s</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">)</span><span style="color: MediumSeaGreen;">;</span><br />    <strong>2</strong> <strong>2</strong><strong> │ </strong>  <br />  <br /></code></pre>

### Valid

```js
foo(...args);

obj.foo(...args);

foo.apply(obj, [1, 2, 3]);

```

## Related links

- [Disable a rule](/linter/#disable-a-rule)
- [Configure the code fix](/linter#configure-the-code-fix)
- [Rule options](/linter/#rule-options)
- [Source Code](https://github.com/biomejs/biome/blob/main/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/lint/nursery/use_spread.rs)
- [Test Cases](https://github.com/biomejs/biome/blob/main/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/nursery/useSpread)

</TabItem>
</Tabs>